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Pa pale m de FRANS ak EWÒP-Modèl lan PERIME

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Message  Joel Mar 27 Mai 2014 - 7:15

Mwen apresye OPINYON jèn ZANMI VITYÈL JAF.Sa nou pa DAKÒ se wòl VODOU ann AYITI.
Tankou yon ANTROPOLÒG KIBEN te di l ,yo paka konsidere SANTERIA (VODOU KIBEN an) tankou yon reljyon ,li plis ke sa.
Se menm bagay lan ke BREZILYEN yo konn di de RELIJYON yo an CANDOMBLE ki se VODOU BREZILYEN an.

Se kon sa te gen yon konferans sou RELIJYON ak KILTI ke BREZILYEN yo te ÒGANIZE lan BREZIL .Envite ESPESYAL se te PREZIDAN BENIN an.Kiben yo te voye yon DELEGASYON WÒT PÒT ,PREVAL pa t voye pèsonn ,li pa t envite prezidan BENIN an pou yon vizit tankou KIBA te fè l.
Ayè ankò mwen te tande yon NÈG sou yon RADYO ki t ap kalifye SÒ ÀN de MAMBO.Li te ize sa kòm yon JOUMAN.
Mwen pa relijye ;mwen kwè ke se MOUN ki kreye BONDYE ak RELIJYON ,olye di KONTRÈ.
Sa a se yon ATIK ki parèt sou NEW YORK TIMES an 1998,se te OKAZYON lanmò CLEUSA MILLET yon MAMBO.
Se te yon EVÈNMAN NASYONAL;menm prezidan BREZILYEN lan EPÒK lan CARDOSO te di ke l konn al konsilte CLEUSA MILLET.

Cleusa Millet Is Dead at 67; Nurtured Afro-Brazilian Faith
By DIANA JEAN SCHEMO
Published: October 25, 1998
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Cleusa Millet, a former nurse who became the spiritual leader of one of the most celebrated Candomble temples in Brazil, died on Oct. 15 in Salvador da Bahia. She was 67.

Newspapers reported the cause of death as heart failure.

Known as Mother Cleusa, Mrs. Millet presided over the Candomble temple at Alto do Gantois in Salvador, Brazil's first capital, now home to a flourishing renaissance of Afro-Brazilian culture. Candomble is the strongest of Brazil's syncretist religions, mixing the nature-based beliefs some four million slaves brought from Africa with the Catholicism of the Portuguese colonists.

Its pantheon of orixas -- gods and goddesses of wind, oceans, still water, metals and fire -- correspond to Catholic saints, and appear in masks and swaying skirts of raffia.


Mother Cleusa took over the Gantois terreiro, as the temple is known, from her mother, Maria Escolastica da Conceicao Nazare, known as Mother Menininha, after her mother's death 10 years ago.

A towering figure in Afro-Brazilian culture, Mother Menininha helped transform Candomble from a belief whose rituals of animal sacrifice, possession, music and dance were persecuted as a form of devil worship to a religion accepted in the highest levels of society. Though initially reluctant to give up her nursing career, Mother Cleusa tended her mother and the Gantois temple during her mother's final years of ailing health, eventually agreeing to succeed her, if that were to be her fate.

She became the new high priestess through a ritual known as throwing the shells, in which the orixas are said to select the new spiritual leader of a temple through the shells. The Gantois is one of the few Candomble temples in Brazil whose leadership has passed along blood lines and has always been headed by a woman.

''Mother Cleusa represented the continuity of an important line in Candomble,'' said Jeferson Bacelar, an anthropology professor at the Center for the Afro-Oriental Studies at the Federal University of Bahia.

Mother Cleusa was not known for initiating any dramatic changes in Candomble, but dedicated herself to tending what her mother had built. With the help of wealthy patrons, she renovated the temple and created a memorial to her mother that became a kind of museum of Candomble. She collected donations from the Brazilian rich and renown, some of whom have become devotees of Candomble with the religion's growing popularity in recent years.

Her friends and associates included the singers Gilberto Gil, Maria Bethania and Caetano Veloso, and the President of the Senate, Antonio Carlos Magalhaes. Several times, Mother Cleusa met with President Fernando Henrique Cardoso, who once said that he was born ''with one foot in the kitchen,'' an expression suggesting he was part black. The Governor of Bahia declared a day of official mourning for her.

''She was a very fine person,'' said Zelia Gattai, a Brazilian writer. ''She would help anybody who needed her.'' Ms. Gattai's husband, Jorge Amado, the author, was also friends with Mother Cleusa.

''She was very much like her mother,'' said Walson Botelho, artistic director of the Bale Folclorico da Bahia, who is a senior figure in another Candomble temple in Salvador. ''She had a conciliatory spirit, and was a good, honest person,'' said Mr. Botelho. ''She treated everybody the same, whether it was a poor person or the President.''

On Wednesday, the seventh day after her death, followers held the last funeral ceremony at her temple, Mr. Botelho said. In the center of the room were the objects she loved, including her favorite foods, clothes and belongings. The drums, which are associated with the orixas, remained silent.

The natural successor to Mother Cleusa is her eldest daughter, Monica Millet. Mother Cleusa is survived by three other children as well. They are Alvaro, Zeno Eduardo and Ana Carolina.

A percussionist for Mr. Gil and other top musicians, Monica Millet, 37, has said she does not intend to take her mother's place as the high priestess of Candomble. But then again, her mother was once heard to say the same.

Photo: Cleusa Millet (Paulo Giandalia/Folha Imagem, 1993)



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Brezilyen yo rele LWAs yo ""ORIXAS"" ,KIBEN yo rele yo ""ORISHAS"" ki se orijinal mo YOROUBA a

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Message  Joel Mar 27 Mai 2014 - 10:52

Sa a se yon lòt ATIK ki te parèt sou NEW YORK TIMES a pwopo de LANMÒ yon lòt MAMBO BREZILYEN ki te rele OLGA DE ALEKETU.
Atik lan te parèt an 2005.Lanmò MAMBO BREZILYEN sa a te fè NOUVÈL NASYONAL ak ENTÈNASYONAL:


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By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS
Published: October 4, 2005
RIO DE JANEIRO, Oct. 3 (AP) - Olga de Alaketu, the high priestess of one the oldest temples of the Afro-Brazilian religion Condomble, died here on Thursday. She was 80.

The cause was complications of diabetes, officials of the Sagrada Familia hospital said.

Ms. Alaketu presided over the Ile Maroia Laji terreiro, as Candomble temples are known. It was established in 1636, making it one of the oldest in the coastal city of Salvador da Bahia, where the religion is based.

Her temple was frequented by prominent figures, including the Brazilian writer Jorge Amado and the French anthropologist Pierre Verger. Earlier this year, the temple was declared a national heritage site by the Culture Ministry.

Candomble is an animist religion brought over with the African slaves, mostly from Nigeria and Benin. Followers incorporate spirits in ceremonies filled with music and dancing that often last throughout the night. The ceremonies can also involve animal sacrifices.

"In the last 40 years, we can consider Mother Olga as the greatest proponent of the religion of the Orixas in all Brazil," said Gilberto Gil, the popular singer who serves as culture minister, at the ceremony declaring the temple a national heritage site.

Historians said Ms. Alaketu, whose name was sometimes spelled Alaketo, was a fifth-generation descendant of the royal family of Aro, from present-day Benin. Her family members were brought to Brazil as slaves and were instrumental in establishing Candomble in Brazil.

For many years, Candomble was banned in Brazil and its followers practiced their religion by worshiping the Orixas - the Gods of their African ancestors - disguised as Catholic saints. The sea goddess Iemanja, for instance, became the Virgin Mary.

In the 1980's, spurred on by a growing black pride movement, Candomble moved to distance itself from Catholicism, eliminating the saints and worshiping the Orixas directly.

Information was not immediately available regarding survivors, although Brazilian news organizations reported that her eldest daughter would assume leadership of the temple.


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Message  Joel Mer 28 Mai 2014 - 10:23

Lè m ap pale de MODÈL lan ,se pa de modèl EKONOMIK m ap pale .Se de MODÈL KILTIRÈL .Nou pa bezwen imite modèl KILTIRÈL EWOPEYEN yo.
EWOPEYEN yo te enpoze MODÈL KILTIRÈL yo pou yo te ka enpoze SIPREMASI EKONOMIK yo.
ZÒT tankou PWOFESÈ MICHEL DE GRAFF konn di l menm lè sa pa apwopriye yo chèche enpoze modèl kiltirèl EWOPEYEN e lan kout kat lan yo kontribye a SIPREMASI EWOPEYEN yo ak SIPREMASI yo.
SIPREMASI sa a pa lan avantaj PEYI kote yo ap viv lan.

Gen lòt MODÈL.Gen peyi kote gen ELIT ki ap enpoze KILTI ki pwòp a yo ;e se konsa PEYI yo ap pwogrese.
Gen 2 PEYI ki devan KAMYONET lan ,se konsa yo fè l.MWEN vle pale de END ak BREZIL.
Sa a se yon lòt ATIK sou NEW YORK TIMES sou lè PIERRE VERGER yon gran FOTOGRAF FRANSE te mouri.Yo di misye se te yon OUGAN APWOFONDI ;nou ka wè yo di se yon PRÈT VODOU li te ye.Misye te ap viv lan BAHIA e misye t ap di pouki sa li prefere RELIJYON VODOU an:

Pierre Verger, 93, Photographer And a Brazilian Voodoo Priest
By ROBERT McG. THOMAS Jr.
Published: February 20, 1996
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Pierre Verger, a worldly Parisian-born photographer whose quest for the natural life led him to an unlikely paradise in northeastern Brazil, died on Feb. 11 at his home in Salvador, the capital of the coastal Bahia state, where he was at once a renowned authority on the cultural links with Africa and a revered religious figure. He was 93.

In the years since he first came to Bahia in 1946 and became enchanted with the descendants of African slaves he found there, Mr. Verger had transformed himself from a roaming photographer into a scholar so obsessed with the local culture and religion that he spent 17 years studying their origins in Africa.

Mr. Verger, who became fluent in the Yoruba language, even managed to penetrate the mysterious Yoruban religious cults to the point that he was initiated into the priesthood in Dahomey, now Benin, becoming a babalao, or father of secrets, in the voodoo cult known in Brazil as candomble.

As the only babalao in Brazil, Mr. Verger, who was given the name Fatumbi (reborn), was venerated by the people of Bahia even as he gained scholarly renown by publishing a series of works, including a book on the African-Brazilian slave trade that illuminated and explored the common threads of African and black Brazilian culture.

For Mr. Verger, the quest had been a long trip home.

Mr. Verger, whose family owned a prosperous printing business in Paris, was born in the stylish 16th arrondissement. Despite a growing disenchantment with what he saw as an over-refined materialism, for a while in his 20's he became the apotheosis of all he later deplored, living the life of a consummate dandy and even embracing the view that nothing was more important than whether one's calling cards were engraved or merely printed.

Finally rejecting such absurdity with a vengeance, Mr. Verger, who had begun taking pictures during a visit to Corsica, sailed for Tahiti in 1932, and with Gauguin as his guiding star sought the South Seas paradise.

For all the tropical delights and the charms of the Polynesian women, Mr. Verger found distressing signs of civilized encroachment. After he visited the remote island of Bora Bora and found a calendar printed by his family company hanging in a hut, he abandoned his quest and returned to Paris.

There a chance visit to the Bal Negre left him so enchanted with the joyous, liberated world of black Parisian culture that he redirected his quest to the West Indies and eventually to Brazil, but not before he criss-crossed the world, taking pictures for Life magazine and other publications including coverage of Trotsky's exile in Mexico and a memorable series on China in the 1930's that has been widely exhibited.

As soon as he arrived in Bahia and discovered a world dominated by samba, festivals and candombles, Mr. Verger felt at home with the local people.

"I knew I was one of them," he said.

In his extensive research on both sides of the south Atlantic, Mr. Verger established surprisingly strong continuing links between people in Africa and their Brazilian cousins who had been cut off from their home continent for generations.

For example, when a troupe of dancers from Benin visited Bahia and joined their hosts in a dance for dead souls, Mr. Verger, who had already attributed the sing-song Bahian accent to the melodious speech patterns of West Africa, was not surprised when the two groups acted out the ceremony in total harmony.

Although he took his religious position seriously, Mr. Verger, who said he had become a babalao primarily to gain access to the Yoruban secrets, always insisted that he was less a believer than an admirer of candomble.

"What I like about candomble," he said recently, "is that it is the only major religion not based on good or evil, right or wrong."

He is survived by his companion, Dona Ceci.

Photos: Pierre Verger (Chester Higgins Jr./The New York Times, 1990); Abeliever in Brazilian voodoo is shown dancing in Bahia in a photograph by Pierre Verger. (Pierre Verger)



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Message  Joel Dim 1 Juin 2014 - 9:26

Wi ;gen de NÈG ki ap reklame yo de la FRANS ;se APOTEYOZ ke  yo admèt yon AYISYEN lan AKADEMI FRANSÈZ pou sèten NÈG.
Pou KIBEN yomenm ,vwazen nou yo ;y ap fè de JEFÒ EKSTRAWÒDINÈ pou yo reklame ERITAJ AFRIKEN yo.
Noumenm n ap kite LEPANDYÈ ap di san nou pa fè REYAKSYON ke ERITAJ AFRIKEN an se ERITAJ DYAB.

Se pa kon sa KIBEN yo wè l ;se rezon sa a y ap avanse e noumenm nou lan dèyè KAMYONÈT lan ,ap rele LEYOGANN:

Nigeria applies to place the Ékpè (leopard) initiation society
on UNESCO's Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity
Other names: Nyàmkpè (in parts of Cameroon), Bònkó (in Equatorial Guinea), Okonko (in Igbo), Abakuá (in Cuba), Ékwé (in Korop, both Nigeria and Cameroon)

The Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity (see criteria) is made up of those intangible heritage elements that help demonstrate the diversity of this heritage and raise awareness about its importance. In 2008 the Committee incorporated 90 elements (formerly proclaimed Masterpieces) into the Representative List. During the period from 2009 to 2013, it has also inscribed 192 new elements on this List.  

Click on English or Slideshow below for details:
685  
Return to top Nigeria
EN: Ékpè (leopard) initiation society
Representative List
File reference: 685
Nomination form ICH-02: English 13 Mar 2014
Consent of communities: English 26 Mar 2014
ICH inventory: English 26 Mar 2014
Mandatory photographs: Slideshow
Film ‘Ekpe initiation society’ (08:07): English 26 Mar 2014

The Ékpè 'leopard' society represents an ancient African institution that provided the supreme functions of governance in communities of the Cross River region of Nigeria and Cameroon, before the colonial intervention. Possession of this graded initiation society with representative body-masks confirmed the autonomy of a principality. Ékpè had four major roles in pre-colonial life: The conferment of full citizenship; holding a title in Ékpè accorded one the status of full citizen with rights to make decisions having implications on the entire community, much as the respect accorded to the ‘toga virilis’ in ancient Rome. Ékpè was the no-nonsense community police, with the power to discipline and — as a measure of punishment — confiscate the property of a community member who disobeyed the law. Ékpè also provided entertainment with dances, music, and body-mask performance for members. Finally, Ékpè was a school for esoteric teachings that revealed ideal stages in a person’s life to achieve maturity within their community, as well as cognizance of the possibility of reincarnation. Ékpè still exists in hundreds of communities with a common set of symbols and values, namely truth and justice. Through the trans-Atlantic slave trade, Ékpè has chapters in Malabo as well as in Havana and Matanzas, Cuba.

Traditionally, Ékpè titleholders were male descendants of the founding fathers of a community, that is, of royal lineage. Non-royalists who achieved heroic deeds like defeating enemy warriors or slaying a leopard were often bestowed Ékpè titles. In some communities the royal women's society plays a prominent role in important Ékpè ceremonies. Because Ékpè developed over the centuries through the accumulation of titles, the numbers and names of Ékpè titles vary from one community to another. For example the Èfìks of the port of Calabar have had nine titles since the mid-nineteenth century, while hinterland Cross River communities tend to have less titles.

Nevertheless, the leading titles are consistently found in multiple communities of the Cross River region and in Cuba. Leading Ékpè titles are Ìyámbà, who acts as the overall chairman of a lodge; Mbókò, who represents the esoteric 'Voice' of the leopard; Mbàkàrà, who represents the transition from material to spiritual life; Èbònkó, who represents the 'universal mother' of the society that 'gives birth' to initiates; Nyàmkpè, who represents discipline amongst membership and is active during funerary rites; and Nkàndà, who represents the highest moral teachings of Ékpè. Many distinct language communities have local names for other titles.


Articulos/Articles

Before Calabar Burns, 8/8/2008 Press Release from the Etubom Traditional Council of the Efik Nation on the murder and mayhem committed by Cross River State government backed militias, with photos of some victims.

Ekpo Ekeng, Youth leader of Cobham Town and member of Calabar Mgbe, is interviewed on the recent events in Calabar, 8/08

Constitution of the Calabar Mgbe, 7/08 This Cross River, Nigeria, organization has as goal reunion with all Ekpe, including those in Cuba (Abakuá).

Ekpo Ekeng, youth leader of Cobham Town, Calabar, on the Paris Cuba-Ekpe Encounter, 5/08


Links/Enlaces top

Abakuá (in Cuba)

Calabar Mgbe or Ékpè.



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Yon remak ;noumenm AYISYEN ,lòt PÈP konnen istwa nou ,alòs ke nou pa konnen ISTWA yo .Pa gen DOUT ke SOSYETE sa yo ekziste ann AYITI tou ;men yo anbachal ,yo sekrè.
Se pa konsa lan KIBA ;yo aklè.Ou gen dwa jwenn OFIS yo lan SANTIAGO ak LA HAVÀN.
Se SOSYETE sa yo ki te òganize GÈ ENDEPANDANS KIBEN an.
Se te SOSYETE AFRIKEN e pou yon BLAN te vin OFISYE lan LAME ki te fè GE ENDEPANDANS lan ,se te pou w INISYE lan SOSYETE sa yo.
Menm LAME ENDEPANDANS KIBEN an se te yon NON AFRIKEN li te genyen .Yo te rele l LAME ""MAMBI"".
MAMBI an se  yon mo KONGOLÈ.
Yon lòt bagay ,90% SOLDA ak OFISYE lan LAME MAMBI an ,se te dorijin AFRIKEN.

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Message  Joel Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 7:20

YORUBA CULTURE ,or to be more precise YORUBA RELIGION (VODOU,SANTERIA,CANDOMBLE) was transplanted to BRAZIL in the distant past,under the most distressing circumstances as one can imagine,namely by people reduced to servitude,torn away from their country ,by brute force and harboring little hope ever to see again.

Despite this devastating initial handicap ,YORUBA cultural values have not only persisted to the present ,BUT ARE GROWING FROM STRENGTH TO STRENGTH and has served as the starting point of a religious movement which is spreading more and more in BRAZIL  and elsewhere in the New World ,not excepting the UNITED STATES of AMERICA

(PIERRE VERGER)

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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 8:16

la france perimee
toi loel ,tu me dis ca, non la france n est pas finie
tu a vraiment de la haine pour elle
mais atend l avenir tu verras
travers
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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 8:23

et catu en fais quoi

http://dailygeekshow.com/2014/05/22/etats-unis-pauvrete-population/
travers
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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 8:42

et ca tu en pense quoi

http://fr.sott.net/article/21601-Russie-contre-Etats-Unis-La-guerre-ne-sera-pas-sur-le-terrain-qu-on-croit
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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 8:58

et ca les gens sont tous comediens ce n est pas reel ca sert a manipuler les gens
on nous poussent

http://fr.sott.net/article/21639-Cam-Clash-France-4-tente-de-manipuler-les-foules

regarde les deux videos
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Message  Joel Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 11:08

Est ce que vous voulez que je me répète TRAVERS?
Je ne parle pas de la FRANCE en soi ,je parle du modèle français.
C'est peut ètre difficile pour vous de comprendre.
Nous sommes un pays indépendant de la FRANCE depuis plus de 200 ans ;malgré ça les élites qui controlent tout en HAITI veulent nous imposer le modèle français.
Plus de 95% de notre population est d'origine africaine.
Alors TRAVERS.
Pour me répéter encore ,je ne parle pas du modèle économique ;je parle du modèle CULTUREL.Nous HAITIENS avons beaucoup plus en commun avec un CUBAIN et un BRÉSILIEN ,qu'avec un FRANÇAIS.
Je ne parle pas des AMÉRICAINS non plus ,bien que environ 13% des AMÉRICAINS sont d'origine AFRICAINE.
Une population qui a connu les AFFRES de l'ESCLAVAGE.

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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 11:20

dit comme ca je comprend
merci joel Very Happy 
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Message  Joel Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 11:39

J'ai lu les articles que vous avez posté.
Il y a une grande part de vérité dans ce qu'ils disent.
Il y a beaucoup d'AMÉRICAINS tout comme de français qui sont au bord de la précarité.
C'est la SUPRÉMATIE de L'OUEST qui est en train d'arriver à sa FIN.
Une suprématie commencée au début de la RÉVOLUTION INDUSTRIELLE.

La RUSSIE et la CHINE parlent du remplacement du DOLLAR comme leur monnaie d'exchange.Ce serait une menace incontestée à la SUPRÉMATIE des ETATS UNIS et de l'OUEST.
Qui sait comment les ETATS UNIS et ses ALLIÉS réagiraient?
La montée de la CHINE,la RUSSIE,LE BRÉSIL et l'INDE est en train de plonger ce qu'on appelle L'OUEST dans l'incertitude.
Ce ne sont pas seulement les ETATS UNIS qui sont concernés ,mais aussi ses ALLIÉS de l'EUROPE DE L'OUEST!

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Message  travers Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 14:03

cest exact
si c est ca d autres pays dans le monde vont couler
car ils dependent de' nous
merci joel
travers
travers
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Message  Joel Lun 2 Juin 2014 - 17:29

pou m kontinye sou menm sijè an.Se ekstrawòdinè jan KIBEN yo kenbe TRADISYON yo.
Sosyete ""EKPE ECHEPOM"" KIBEN an rankontre ak konpayèl AFRIKEN yo lan PARIS.Se menm tradisyon an,menm DANS yo.

Ak ankourajman GOUVÈNMAN KIBEN an ,SOSYETE sa yo ap fleri lan KIBA ,alòs ke yo anba presyon ann AFRIK.
Menm jan ,yo anba presyon ann AYITI tou.
Ann AYITI ,yo rele yo DYAB;se pa konsa lan KIBA:

Rituel Abakua, du Nigeria à Cuba Les masques des hommes léopards Efik
Nigeria – Cuba


Festival International Ekpé, 2004 © Mpkan Ekpé Bassey


Les anciens chasseurs Efik Ibo, Ibibio et Ejagham, les hommes léopards du sud-est
nigerian, affrontaient par des danses rituelles masquées les mystères de la nuit et
s’appropriaient la force de la jungle. Confrontés à l’esclavage, ceux que l’on appelait aussi
les Carabali ou Brikamo, débarquèrent à Cuba en 1762. Les Efik prolongent ce rituel
Abakua à Cuba jusqu’à nos jours. C’est pour la première fois en Europe la rencontre du
rituel Abakua nigerian et cubain, avec une multitude de masques et de parures
extravagantes, qui ont évolué au cours des siècles.
Représentations : jeudi 20 et vendredi 21 décembre 2007 • 20h ;
samedi 22 et dimanche 23 décembre 2007 • 17h • Théâtre Claude Lévi-Strauss • Tarifs A et B


Conférence introductive : Le rituel Abakua, par Ivor Miller
Enseignant chercheur à l’université de Boston, Ivor Miller est un historien américain,
spécialiste de la diaspora africaine dans les Caraïbes et les Amériques. Il se consacre en
particulier à l’étude de la société Ekpé (qui signifie littéralement « léopard ») et du rituel
Abakua de Cuba, auxquels il a été lui-même initié.

Conférence introductive : jeudi 20 décembre 2007 • 18h • Salle de cinéma • Accè


http://afrocubaweb.com/abakwa/ekpeelders.htm

Joel
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Message  Joel Mar 3 Juin 2014 - 7:02

PELERINAJ EKPE ABAKWA KIBEN yo lan NIGERIA.
Sosyete sa a baze lan LA HAVÀN ak MATANZAS.

Nou gen SOSYETE sa yo ann AYITI ,men yo siviv lan pwovens rekile.Lan KIBA ,yo rele yo ""LODGE"" LÒJ ,yo patou lan peyi an.
Yo rele yo LÒJ men se pa tankou LÒJ FRANMASON yo ,ki se LÒI EWOPEYEN ;yo se LÒJ AFRIKEN.

Gen anpil pwobabilite ke ABIMAN BANN RARA yo ak jan yo fè parad ,se lan TRADISYON sa yo yo sòti.
Gen SOSYETE ann AFRIK ki la depi 13zyèm SYÈK.Gen youn lan GHANA yo trase FONDASYON li anviwon lanne 1250.

http://afrocubaweb.com/abakwa/cubanscrossriver.htm

Joel
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