3senatè ayisien ale Benin pou envestige kijan yo trete ka zonbifikasion.

Haiti looks to Benin for guidance on voodoo crimes
Posted on 10 October 2017 - 12:01pm
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A devotee in a trance performs at an annual Voodoo festival in Ouidah, Benin. — AFP
COTONOU: Three senators from Haiti pause in reflection in front of a statue of their country's independence hero Toussaint Louverture in Allada, southern Benin, where he had his roots.

The West African and Caribbean countries, separated by thousands of km and ocean, share the same history but also the same religion – voodoo.

Jean Renel Senatus, Jean-Marie Junior Salomon and Ronald Lareche came to Benin late last month on a research trip as part of Haiti's reforms of its 19th-century penal code.

Part of the process is taking advice from countries where their ancestors lived before they were shipped abroad as slaves.

Historically and culturally, "Haiti and Benin are two sides of the same coin," Senatus, a lawyer and president of Haiti's Senate justice commission, told AFP.

"We want to adapt these texts to modern-day life and we're here to see how Benin handles irrational phenomena in law," he said after placing flowers on Louverture's statue.

Benin – giant Nigeria's tiny western neighbour – is one of the cradles of voodoo, where it is an official religion and has millions of followers.

The cult of the invisible and natural spirits travelled across the Atlantic Ocean from the 18th century, as millions of West Africans were transported to the New World as slaves.

Zombification

The very word "voodoo" typically conjures up a raft of cliches, not least dolls covered in pins.

But certain phenomena are a concern for politicians and has prompted them to wonder: how should a country legislate for crimes linked to the religion?

With zombification, for example, Haitian voodoo priests are said to administer a powder to the victim giving the appearance of clinical death.

The supposed deceased – exhumed with the help of an undertaker – can then be exploited in its weakened, semi-conscious state.

Salomon, the vice-president of Haiti's Senate, said zombification "is the fact of being declared dead and openly buried and then 'brought back to life'.

"What's different is that the person 'brought back' then works like a slave."

In working class areas and remote communities in Haiti where there is no confidence in local justice, zombification is a way of settling scores with enemies.

In Benin, the same method exists but for a very different purpose.

"It is used by those initiated in the secret ways of the temples to strengthen their power but they keep an antidote to hand," said Honorat Aguessy, a Beninese sociologist.

In Benin, "voodoo is for good"," he added.

Some people in Benin still use charms to get rid of a rival – but the weapon stays largely hidden and for lack of evidence, the country has not legislated against occult practices.

Traditional justice, however, still plays a big role in society through the use of traditional rulers.

Voodoo chief

In Allada, the three senators met the traditional monarch, Kpodegbe Djigla. "He told us that he is asked to judge certain cases," said Senatus.

Traditional rulers resolve many land disputes because they know local history. Villages have a council of sages comprising elders, community leaders and a voodoo chief.

"It often deals with complaints linked to custom, for example if a widow who is not supposed to leave her house at a certain time does it anyway," said lawyer Sandrine Aholou.

In her work, Aholou sees a mix of the two legal systems: "On the one hand, the civilian justice system accepts traditional justice on the other.

"Tradition influences modern law."

Most of the time, decisions taken by the elders are respected, to the astonishment of the Haitian senators.

For Salomon, it's a question of culture. "Here, people respect tradition," he said.

"In our country, because of the influence of modern life and proximity to the United States, we've abandoned it." — AFP

Bagay ,mwen pa konprann lan bagay sa a.

Eske sa ZONBIFIKASYON gen pou we ak VODOU vre.

Pou ki sa ,ou pa we FENOMEN sa a ,lan de peyi tankou KIBA ak BREZIL?

Apre tou ,lan tout 19yem SYEK ,ESKLAV te kontinye ap DEBAKE lan KIBA ak BREZIL ,soti lan BENIN.

Denye BATO NEGRIYE an debake lan KIBA ,an 1873.
Se lan LANNE 1880s yo ke yo te ABOLI LESKLAVAY lan KIBA ak BREZIL.

Deba sou ZONBIFIKASYON an ,merite pou l fet ann AYITI.
Pwoblem lan se ke TWOP MOUN envesti lan SIPESTISYON sa yo ,ke se LEGLIZ KATOLIK sitou LEGLIZ PWOTESTAN yo ,san bliye VODOU an limenm.

Pa gen anyen SIPENATIREL lan ZONBIFIKASYON,daye SIPENATIREL pa EKZISTE.

Jowèl,
Mwen kwè ke demach saa bon.
Se premye fwa genyen ofisyèl ayisien ki deside envestige fenomèn zonbifikasyon an.
Tout responsab te fèmen je yo pou pretann sa pa ekziste.
Yon lejislasyon sou sijè saa enpòtan paske se yon krim kont limanite ki dire twò lontan lan tout enpinite.

Zonbifikasyon retire lavi yon sitwayen menmsi li pa mouri toutbon, men li retire l lan anvironman fanmi l epi li tounen yon esklav.
Se yon wont ke Ayiti, peyi ki aboli leskavaj, ap pratike esklavaj jounen jodya.

Mwen swete ke envestigasyon serye fèt, pou detèmine responsabilite e pou mennen responsab yo devan lajistis.
E ke lajistis pa kite sipèstision enfliyanse l.

Se pou sistèm saa ansanm ak restavék aboli lan sosyete ayisien.
Lè saa, tout moun ka leve tèt piu yo di yo fyè kòm ayisien.

Si senatè Senatus soti lan lagrandans, lan fanmi mwen sipoze an, li konnen sijè saa byen.

Dapre sa m apran, lan vodou gen sèvitè men dwat ak sèvitè men gòch.
Youn se houngan, lòt lan se bòkò.

Se avèk rechèch serye moun kapab aprann tout istwa vodou ki pratike pa majorite ayisien. Preske tout enfòmasyon baze sou rimè ak kwayans sipèstision.
Manke liv ak literati ki dwe ekri pou pèmèt tout popilasyon peyi dAyiti aprann kilti l ak relijyon l.

Sa m vle di;

Pouki sa ,se lan VODOU AYISYEN an ,ke ou kontinye ap tande ke MOUN ka tounen LOUGAROU pou yo VOLE lan NWIT?

Ou tande tout MOUN ap pale de LOUGAROU ann AYITI ,men pa janm gen YOUN ki konn we LOUGAROU ap VOLE vre.

Se pa youn ni 2 POV MALEREZ ke yo pa LENCHE ,apre yo AKIZE yo ke yo se LOUGAROU.

Se menm jan ,MOUN ke yo konn jwenn apre 2 zou 3 ZAN ke yo di ke yo te mouri.Moun yo konn di ke yo t ap travay sou PLANTASYON ENTEL ou ENTEL.

Ki sa ki anpeche la POLIS arête MOUN ki te fe LOT lan tounen ZONBI an ,apre bon jan ANKET.
Se lan DEMISTIFIKASYON PRATIK sa yo ,ke w ap jwenn BOUT yo.

M ap repete l anko.Pa gen MOUN ki pi VODOUYIZAN ke KIBEN yo.Yo rele RELIJYON yo an SANTERIA,men se menm PRATIK lan.

Pou ki sa ou pa tande y ap pale RANS tankou LOUGAROU,fe MOUN tounen ZONBI elt...

Si pa gen prèv lougawou, gen prèv zonbifikasyon.

Si genyen lejislasyon kont zonbifikasyon avèk ranfòsman, se deja yon gwo pwogrè. Sa pral konbat yon krim ke popilasion an tolere twòp.

Kestyon lougawou an bezwen envestige tou pou demistifye yon pwosesis ki ta baze sou sipèstisyon ak malfezans.
Gen moun ki pran pòz lougawou pou entimide e pou eksplwate inosan.

Bagay LOUGAWOU an se pa ryen dot ke yon LEJANN FRANSE ,ke AYISYEN adopte.

Pa gen DOUT lan sa ,jis lan 16 zyem SYEK ,se DESIME ke FRANSE yo t ap DESIME MOUN yo pa renmen ,lan AKIZE yo ke yo se LOUGAWOU.

Ann AYITI pa gen "LOUP".
Mwen kwe ke MO "GAROU" an se yon MO "CELTIC" ki vle di TRANSFOME.

Kanta bagay ZONBI an ,genyen yo VRE ,MEN se pa yon bagay ki SINATIREL.

Sa m vle di ,le yon MOUN akize yon lot te fe l tounen ZONBI ,pouki sa yo pa ankete sou sa ;ARETE MALFRA a e fout li lan PRIZON.

LEGLIZ KATOLIK ,SITOU LEGLIZ PWOTESTAN ,pa gen ENTERE pou yo TRAVAY sou DEMISTIFIKASYON sa yo ,paske yo VIV,yo PWOFITE de yo.

Ann AYITI ,jis jounen Jodi an ,ou tande MOUN ap konveti ,antre lan PWOTESTAN pou pwoteje yo kont MOVE LESPRI.
ADYE!!!!!!!!!!

Mwen dakò ke leta ayisien ta kapab envestige e pini pratik zonbifikasyon lan peyi a.
Men se pou kanpay edikasyon retire sipèstisyon lan tèt popilasyon an.
Lan Lagrandans, lè m te timoun, yo te konn di jij de pè lan vil lan se chéf lougawou tou. Tout chèf seksyon lan rejyon riral yo se te bòkò (gangga) oubyen lougawou.

Istwa ak lejann lougawou komanse lan peyi scandinav yo. Li pase la Ongri ak peyi Balkan yo. Popilé ann Almay rive an Frans. Jiskounyea lan Lapoloy yo kwè lan sa.
Sipèstisyon sayo pwopaje lan Amerik, Karayib.
Li menm penetre lan tribi endyen Navajos, etc.
Yo kwè lan lougawou lan Kiba. Mwen konnen moun SentLisi kwè lan Obyea ki se menm bagay ak Vodou pa nou an.


Americas and Caribbean

The Naskapis believed that the caribou afterlife is guarded by giant wolves which kill careless hunters venturing too near. The Navajo people feared witches in wolf's clothing called "Mai-cob".[25]

Woodward thought that these beliefs were due to the Norse colonization of the Americas.[15] When the European colonization of the Americas occurred, the pioneers brought their own werewolf folklore with them and were later influenced by the lore of their neighbouring colonies and those of the Natives. Belief in the loup-garou present in Canada, the Upper and Lower Peninsulas of Michigan[34] and upstate New York, originates from French folklore influenced by Native American stories on the Wendigo. In Mexico, there is a belief in a creature called the nahual, which traditionally limits itself to stealing cheese and raping women rather than murder.[citation needed] In Haiti, there is a superstition that werewolf spirits known locally as Jé-rouge (red eyes) can possess the bodies of unwitting persons and nightly transform them into cannibalistic lupine creatures. The Haitian jé-rouges typically try to trick mothers into giving away their children voluntarily by waking them at night and asking their permission to take their child, to which the disoriented mother may either reply yes or no. The Haitian jé-rouges differ from traditional European werewolves by their habit of actively trying to spread their lycanthropic condition to others, much like vampires.[15]

Pouki sa FRANSE ak DESANDAN FRANSE pa kwe lan LEJANN sa yo anko?

Ann AYITI ,lejann sa yo kontinye la koz MOUN mouri wi.

Mwen t ap li yon seri de ISTWA ke yon PWOJE GOUVENMAN AMERIKEN an te DOKIMANTE lan LETA INDIANA.

ETA sa a ,anvan NAPOLEYON te vann AMERIKEN TERITWA lan sa yo rele "LOUISIANA PURCHASE" lan ,se te KOLONI FRANSE.

Pi fo LEJANN ke nou te konn tande le nou t ap grandi ;tankou MOUN fe MOUN tounen CHWAL ,pou yo SELE yo ;tankou gen MOUN ki konn al lan MACHE ,yo achte yon TET BEF e yo jwenn DAN LO ,lan BOUCH BEF lan elt...elt

Ou li tout bagay sa yo ,lan ISTWA DESANDAN FRANSE yo ap rakonte.

Pwoblem lan ,se ke jenerasyon kounye an ,konnen bagay sa yo se lejann lan TERITWA ke FRANSE yo te kolonize;ann AYITI se bagay ki fe ke yo kontiye ap LENCHE MOUN toujou!
http://sites.google.com/site/folklorelegendstalltales/loup-garou-legends

GOOGLE TRANSLATE


Loup-Garou Légendes du Vieux Vincennes


Bien que les savants ne soient pas d'accord lorsque les marchands de fourrures français, les aventuriers et les pionniers se sont installés dans ce qui est maintenant Vincennes, Indiana, ces âmes robustes sont sûrement arrivées dans cette petite ville près de la rivière Wabash au début du XVIIIe siècle. Partout où les Français erraient dans le Nouveau Monde, leurs contes folkloriques les accompagnaient et parfois restaient pour être collectés par des folkloristes. Jusqu'au début des années 1930, un groupe d'écrivains du Projet fédéral des auteurs de l'œuvre Progress Administration a découvert une poignée de descendants français de Vincennes dans les années soixante-dix et quatre-vingt qui se souvenaient des traditions orales françaises de leurs ancêtres. Ces auteurs ont enregistré quelques-uns des contes populaires d'une culture qui était importante pour le développement des États-Unis. Une copie du manuscrit non publié de WPA est conservée dans la bibliothèque historique de Lewis à l'université de Vincennes. Heureusement, le folkloriste Ronald L. Baker a publié quelques-uns des manuscrits de WPA de 277 pages en tant que French Folklife dans Old Vincennes (Terre Haute: Conseil des professeurs d'anglais de l'Indiana, Hoosier Folklore Society, 1989). Baker explique que la narration était l'une des principales formes de divertissement des Français lors de rassemblements sociaux et à la maison. Baker note qu'une figure populaire dans ces histoires est le loup-garou effrayant, ou loup-garou:


Le loup-garou, pour tous ceux qui croyaient en lui, était un loup-garou féroce, mais à Vincennes comme à New York, le loup-garou peut aussi être une personne transformée en vache, cheval ou autre animal. Une fois sous le charme d'un loup-garou, la malheureuse victime devint un animal enragé qui rôdait chaque nuit dans les champs et les forêts pendant un certain temps, généralement 101 jours. Au cours de la journée, il est retourné à sa forme humaine, mais il était continuellement morose et maladif et craintif de parler de sa situation difficile de peur qu'une peine pire ne lui soit infligée. La principale façon dont il pouvait être libéré du sort avant de purger le temps stipulé était que quelqu'un le reconnaisse comme une personne transformée en animal et, d'une façon ou d'une autre, attire du sang du loup-garou. Même lorsque le désenchantement avait été effectué, la victime et son sauveteur ne pouvaient pas mentionner l'incident, même entre eux, jusqu'à ce que le temps soit écoulé. Quiconque a violé ce tabou deviendrait possédé immédiatement et ferait face à une phrase beaucoup plus rigide. (34)

Les contes surnaturels recueillis dans les années 1920 par Mlle Anna C. O'Flynn, qui a enseigné l'école pendant de nombreuses années dans l'ancienne section française de Vincennes, sont les suivants: loup-garou et autres contes surnaturels. Ils ont été transcrits et édités par moi à partir du manuscrit inédit de WPA de Vincennes intitulé Les Pionniers créoles à Old Post Vincennes: un produit du District # 5 du Bureau des Auteurs Fédéraux (Bureau de Vincennes) , par Doyle Joyce, Loy Followell, Elizabeth Kargacos, Bernice Mutchmore et Paul R. King, vers 1937. Les contes furent racontés à Mlle O'Flynn par le descendant français Pepe Boucher, qui favorisa l'utilisation du dialecte créole français.

NOTE: Voir American Life Histories: Manuscrits du Federal Writers 'Project, 1936-1940 pour 2 900 documents WPA en texte intégral, y compris ceux de l'Indiana. Le manuscrit de Vincennes ne semble pas encore figurer parmi ceux énumérés.

L'histoire de Loup-Garou de Charlie Page

Les trésors ensorcelés de Point O'Chene

La vache Loup-Garou

Cheval Jean Baptiste Loup-Garou

L'esprit du lac Otter

Le Feu Follet à Otter Lake

La bonne citrouille Loup-Garou

L'aigle blanc Loup-Garou
L'esprit du lac Otter?


Ce qui suit est un article de journal réimprimé concernant l'intérêt de la vieille française pour les contes de sorcellerie à Vincennes.

Dans Pionniers Vincennes: Le vieux français réchauffé aux contes étranges des malédictions de sorcières

Chansons folkloriques du vieux Vincennes, une collection essentielle pour étudier les colons français










commentaires

Nickie,
Sa fè plezi recevwa yon pòs ke w ekri.
Sa fè lontan ma p sonje w.
Kè m kontan!

Ann AYITI,apre MOUN tande ISTWA sa yo ,reyaksyon yo konn se "GENYEN WI"

Pa "GENYEN" vre ,bagay sa yo se FOLKLO,Istwa ki pase de JENERASYON an JENERASYON ak kek MODIFIKASYON.

Ann AYITI ,LEGLIZ yo KATOLIK,PWOTESTAN,VODOU eksplwate FOLKLO sa yo.

KATOLIK e sitou PWOTESTAN eksplwate "tall tales" sa yo e mete yo sou do VODOU.

VODOU eksplwate sa tou.
Se de bagay ki pa gen anyen pou we ak VODOU;se de ISTWA ki soti an FRANS.

Pwoblem lan ,tankou mwen te di l deja,yo kontinye ap LENCHE MOUN paske yo se LOUGAWOU;yon LEJANN ki pa gen ABSOLIMAN anyen pou we ak REYALITE!!!!!!!

NICKIE;

Mwen pa konnen ki sa pou m panse de ti "komante" w la.Si se yon bagay POZITIF ,NEGATIF ou ki sa.

TRADIKSYON mwen mete an ,se yon "GOOGLE TRANSLATE",mwen pa korije anyen.

Gen "GOOGLE TRANSLATE" an KREYOL AYISYEN tou,men gen anpil travay ki rete pou fet

Men ki jan GOOGLE (ENSTANTANEMAN) TRADYI ATIK lan an KREYOL AYISYEN.
Tankou m te di l gen anpil TRAVAY ki rete pou FET ,men de jou an jou TRADIKSYON yo ap pi KLE:


Loup-Garou lejand nan Vincennes Old

Malgre ke savan pa ka dakò lè franse komèsan, avanturyé, ak pyonye premye rete nan sa ki kounye a se Vincennes, Indiana, sa yo nanm Hardy siman rive nan vil sa a ti tou pre Wabash River a nenpòt moman pandan oswa anvan 18tyèm syèk la byen bonè. Kèlkeswa kote franse a te vwayaje nan Nouvo Monn lan, moun yo te vini avèk yo, e pafwa te rete pou yo kolekte pa folklorist. Nan fen ane 1930 yo yon gwoup ekriven ak Pwojè Ekriven Federal yo nan Administrasyon Pwogrè Travay la te dekouvri yon ti ponyen nan desandan Vincennes franse yo nan swasant yo ak katreventèn yo ki vin chonje tradisyon franse yo nan zansèt yo. Ekriven sa yo anrejistre kèk nan istwa popilè yo nan yon kilti ki te enpòtan nan devlopman nan peyi Etazini. Yon kopi maniskri WPA ki pa pibliye an se anrejistre nan Bibliyotèk Istorik Lewis nan Inivèsite Vincennes. Erezman, folklorist Ronald L. Baker te pibliye kèk nan 277 paj WPA maniskri kòm Folklife franse nan Old Vincennes (Terre Haute: Indiana Konsèy pou Pwofesè nan lang angle, Hoosier Folklore Society, 1989). Baker eksplike ke rakonte istwa se te youn nan fòm prensipal nan amizman nan franse a nan rasanbleman sosyal ak nan kay la. Baker nòt ke yon figi popilè nan istwa sa yo se pè a loup-garou, oswa lougarou:

Loup-garou a, nan pifò moun ki te kwè nan li, se te yon lougawou feròs, menm si nan Vincennes, tankou nan New York, loup-garou a kapab tou yon moun transfòme nan yon bèf, chwal, oswa kèk lòt bèt. Yon fwa anba yon période kòm yon loup-garou, viktim lan malere te vin tounen yon bèt vwale ki ere chak swa nan jaden yo ak forè pou yon sèten peryòd de tan, anjeneral, 101 jou. Pandan jounen an, li te retounen nan fòm imen li, menm si li te toujou morose ak malad ak pè yo di nan sitiyasyon l 'pou li menm yon fraz pi mal ta dwe rive l'. Fason prensipal la li te kapab lage nan période a anvan sèvi tan an make te pou yon moun yo rekonèt l 'tankou yon moun transfòme nan yon bèt ak yon jan kanmenm trase san soti nan loup-garou la. Menm lè yo te fè dezanchantman an, tou de viktim lan ak sekou l 'pa t' kapab mansyone ensidan an, menm nan chak lòt, jouk lè a te leve. Nenpòt ki moun ki vyole sa a tabu ta vin posede imedyatman epi fè fas a yon fraz anpil. (34)

Sa ki anba la yo se loup-garou ak lòt istwa Supernatural kolekte nan ane 1920 yo pa Miss Anna C. O'Flynn, ki te anseye lekòl pou anpil ane nan seksyon an fin vye granmoun franse nan Vincennes. Yo te transkri epi yo te modere avèk manti nan men Vincennes WPA maniskri ki rele Pioneers kreyòl (franse) nan Old Post Vincennes: Yon pwodwi nan distri pwojè federal 'Writer 5' (Biwo Vincennes) , pa Doyle Joyce, Loy Followell, Elizabeth Kargacos, Bernice Mutchmore, ak Pòl R. King, apeprè 1937. Kont yo te di Miss O'Flynn pa franse descendant Pepe Boucher, ki te favorize itilize nan dyalèk franse.

REMAK: Al gade nan istwa lavi Ameriken yo: Maniskri Soti nan Pwojè Ekriven Federal yo, 1936-40 pou 2,900 dokiman plen tèks WPA, ki gen ladan anpil nan Indiana. Vizit maniskri Vincennes yo poko sanble yo pami moun ki nan lis yo.

Istwa Loup-Garou Charlie Page la

Trezò nan abite nan Point O'Chene

Loup-Garou bèf la

Jean Baptiste Loup-Garou Cheval